Pakalipano, makampani opanga makina aku China akukula mofulumira, ndipo zipangizo zina zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzidula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga makina ndi makina olondola.Kuti tikwaniritse zosowa zamakampani amakono opanga makina, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zina zokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kulimba mtima.Choncho, zida zolimba zakuthupi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono ku makampani opanga makina.Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kugwiritsa ntchito zida zolimba zakuthupi pakukonza makina potengera kukula kwa zida zakuthupi zolimba, kuti athe kupereka zofananira kwa mabwenzi omwe ali mumakampani omwewo.
Ndi chitukuko chofulumira chaukadaulo wamakono wopanga komanso mpikisano wowopsa wamsika, zofunikira zamakina opanga zida zamakina zida zikuchulukiranso, makamaka pakugwirira ntchito kwamakina.Choncho, zipangizo zatsopano zokhala ndi katundu wosiyanasiyana zakhala zikutuluka pang'onopang'ono pakati pa anthu.Zida zatsopanozi sizimangobweretsa vuto lalikulu pazida zamakasitomala, komanso zimakhala zovuta kuzikonza.Panthawiyi, zida zodulira zapamwamba zakhala chinsinsi chakukula kwamakampani opanga makina, ndipo zida zakuthupi zolimba mosakayikira zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakukonza makina amakono.
1. Mbiri yachitukuko cha zida zolimba
M'zaka za m'ma 1950, asayansi aku America adatenga diamondi, bondi, ndi ufa wa boron carbide ngati zopangira, zomwe zimachita pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kukakamizidwa, ndi sintered polycrystalline chipika monga chida chachikulu cha chida.Pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 1970, anthu pang'onopang'ono anayamba kupanga mapepala, omwe amapangidwa pophatikiza diamondi ndi simenti carbide, kapena boron nitride ndi simenti carbide.Muukadaulo uwu, carbide yopangidwa ndi simenti imawonedwa ngati gawo lapansi, ndipo gawo la diamondi limapangidwa pamwamba pa gawo lapansi mwa kukanikiza kapena sintering.Daimondiyo ndi pafupifupi 0.5 mpaka 1 mm wandiweyani.Zida zotere sizingangowonjezera kukana kwa zida, komanso kuthetsa vutolo kuti zida zachikhalidwe sizosavuta kuwotcherera.Izi zalimbikitsa chida cholimba kuti chilowe mu gawo la ntchito.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zolimba pakukonza makina
(1) Kugwiritsa ntchito zida za diamondi imodzi
Daimondi imodzi ya kristalo nthawi zambiri imagawidwa kukhala diamondi yopangidwa ndi diamondi yachilengedwe.Nthawi zambiri, ngati diamondi imodzi ya kristalo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chida, ndikofunikira kusankha diamondi yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, misa yayikulu kuposa 0.1 g ndi m'mimba mwake kuposa 3 mm.Pakalipano, diamondi yachilengedwe ndiyo chinthu chovuta kwambiri mu mchere.Sikuti amangokhala ndi kukana kwabwino, komanso chida chopangidwa ndi icho chimakhala chakuthwa kwambiri.Pa nthawi yomweyo, ali mkulu adhesion kukana ndi otsika matenthedwe madutsidwe.Chida chokonzedwa ndi chosalala komanso chabwino.Nthawi yomweyo, chida chopangidwa ndi diamondi yachilengedwe chimakhala cholimba kwambiri komanso moyo wautali wautumiki.Kuphatikiza apo, mukadula kwa nthawi yayitali, sizingakhudze kukonza magawo.The ndi otsika matenthedwe madutsidwe akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kupewa mapindikidwe mbali.
Daimondi yachilengedwe ili ndi zabwino zambiri.Ngakhale ubwino umenewu ndi wokwera mtengo, ukhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ntchito zambiri zodula kwambiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri podula mwatsatanetsatane komanso kudula kopitilira muyeso.Monga magalasi owonetsera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma reactor a atomiki ndi matekinoloje ena apamwamba, komanso ma gyroscopes oyendetsa pansi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mizinga kapena roketi, komanso mbali zina za wotchi, zowonjezera zitsulo, ndi zina zotero, zagwiritsa ntchito lusoli.
(2) Kugwiritsa ntchito zida za diamondi za polycrystalline
Daimondi ya polycrystalline nthawi zambiri imatchedwa sintered diamondi.Kugwiritsa ntchito diamondi ya polycrystalline zitsulo monga cobalt, kupyolera mu kutentha kwakukulu ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu, zidzapanga diamondi imodzi ya crystalline powder polycrystalline kukhala imodzi, motero kupanga chida cha polycrystalline.Kuuma kwa diamondi ya polycrystalline ndikotsika kuposa diamondi yachilengedwe.Komabe, amapangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ufa wa diamondi, ndipo palibe chifukwa chakuti ndege zosiyanasiyana za kristalo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zosiyana ndi kuuma.Podula, m'mphepete mwa diamondi ya polycrystalline imakhala ndi kukana kwambiri kuwonongeka mwangozi komanso kukana kwabwino.Ikhoza kusunga m'mphepete mwake chakuthwa kwa nthawi yayitali.Pa nthawi yomweyi, imatha kugwiritsa ntchito liwiro lodula kwambiri popanga makina.Poyerekeza ndi WC simenti zida carbide, polycrystalline diamondi zida ndi moyo wautali utumiki, mosavuta kupeza zipangizo kupanga ndi kutsika mitengo.
(3) Kugwiritsa ntchito diamondi ya CVD
Zida za diamondi za CVD zimakonzedwa pansi pa zovuta zochepa, zomwe ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi luso lamakono la PSC ndi luso la PDC.CVD diamondi ilibe chothandizira chilichonse.Ngakhale ndizofanana ndi diamondi yachilengedwe muzinthu zina, zimakhalabe zofanana ndi diamondi ya polycrystalline muzinthu, ndiye kuti, mbewu zomwe zimapangidwira zimakhala zosalongosoka, kusowa kwa brittle cleavage pamwamba, ndipo zimakhala ndi zofanana pakati pa malo.Poyerekeza ndi zida zopangidwa ndi ukadaulo wachikhalidwe, zida zopangidwa ndi ukadaulo wa diamondi wa CVD zili ndi zabwino zambiri, monga mawonekedwe a zida zovuta, mtengo wotsika wopanga, ndi masamba angapo a tsamba lomwelo.
(4) Kugwiritsa ntchito polycrystalline kiyubiki boron nitride
Polycrystalline kiyubiki boron nitride (PCBN) ndi wamba kwambiri zinthu zolimba chida, chimene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu Machining.Chida chopangidwa ndi ukadaulo uwu chimakhala ndi kuuma kwambiri komanso kukana kuvala.Izo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa kutentha kwambiri, komanso ali kwambiri kukana dzimbiri ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe.Poyerekeza ndi zida za PCD ndi PDC, zida za polycrystalline kiyubic boron nitride zikadali zotsika pakukana kuvala, koma zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pa 1200 ℃ ndipo zimatha kupirira dzimbiri zamankhwala!
Pakalipano, polycrystalline kiyubiki boron nitride amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga magalimoto, monga injini zamagalimoto, ma shaft opatsirana, ndi ma brake disc.Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a zida zolemetsa zimagwiritsanso ntchito ukadaulo uwu.M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndi chitukuko cha umisiri kompyuta ndi CNC makina chida luso, ntchito polycrystalline kiyubiki boron nitride wakhala ponseponse, ndi kukhazikitsa mfundo Machining apamwamba monga mkulu-liwiro kudula, kutembenukira m'malo akupera, chida. zinthu za polycrystalline kiyubiki boron nitride pang'onopang'ono zakula kukhala chinthu chofunikira pakusintha kwamakono.
3. Mwachidule
Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zolimba pakukonza sikumangowonjezera luso komanso luso la Machining, komanso kumathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwamakampani opanga makina.Choncho, pofuna kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha makina processing makampani, m`pofunika mosalekeza kulimbikitsa kafukufuku wa zida zolimba zakuthupi, kumvetsa bwino chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi zida zakuthupi zovuta, ndi kulimbikitsa mchitidwe ntchito, osati kusintha khalidwe la ogwira ntchito, komanso kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito sayansi ndi ukadaulo pakuwongolera zida zakuthupi zolimba, kuti azindikire chitukuko cha leapfrog chamakampani opanga makina.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-03-2019